Books

The Concept of Meaninglessness (Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins Press, 1970).
Behavior Therapy: Scientific, Philosophical and Moral Foundations (Cambridge University Press, 1978). Spanish Edition, Ediciones Piramide, 1985.
Ethical Issues in Scientific Research, Editor; Co-editors, Sidney Gendin and Lowell Kleiman (Garland Publishing, 1993).
A Final Accounting: Philosophical and Empirical Issues in Freudian Psychology (MIT Press, 1996).
Philosophy and Psychotherapy: Razing the Troubles of the Brain (Sage, 1997).
The Freud Encyclopedia: Theories, Therapy, and Culture, Editor-in-chief (Garland Publishing, 1998, forthcoming).

Articles

"Farewell to the Category Mistake Argument," Philosophical Studies (1968)
"The Confirmation Machine," Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. III, (1972)
"Are the Notions 'A Priori Truth' and 'Necessary Truth' Extensionally Equivalent?" Canadian Journal of Philosophy (1974)
"Identity, Schmidentity - It's Not All the Same" (co-author David Benfield), Philosophical Studies (1975)
"The Historical Theory of Reference," (co-authors, L. Kleiman and E. Zemach), Australasian Journal of Philosophy (1976)
"Reply to Drange," Journal of Critical Analysis (1976)
"Quantum Logic and the Status of Classical Logic," Logique et Analyse (1978)
"Psychoanalytic Therapy: The Eysenck Argument," American Psychologist (1980)
"Psychoanalysis: How Firm Is the Evidence?" Nous (1980)
"The Truth About Psychoanalysis," Journal of Philosophy (1981)
"Behavior Therapy: A Reply to an Incautious Discussion," British Journal for the Philosophy of Science (1982)
"Psychotherapy, Placebos, and Wait-list Controls," The Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1983), 6, 289-290.
"The Standing of Psychoanalysis," The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science (1984)
"Establishing Causal Connections: Meta-Analysis and Psychotherapy," Midwest Studies in Philosophy, Vol, IX, (1984).
"Is Psychotherapy More Effective Than a Placebo?" in J. Hariman (ed.) Does Psycho-therapy Really Help People?, Charles C. Thomas (1984)
"The Use of Theory in Psychology," Annals of Theoretical Psychology, Volume III (1985)
"Holistic Psychotherapies: What Works?" in D. Stalker & C. Glymour (eds.) Examining Holistic Medicine (1985)
"To What Degree Was Freud Wrong - and How Much difference Does it Make in Psychotherapy?" Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy (1985)
"Psychotherapy and Freudian Psychology," in Hans Eysenck: A Psychologist Searching for a Scientific Basis for Human Behavior, (eds). S. Modgil and C. Modgil, Falmer Press, (1986)
"Reply to Kline," in Hans Eysenck: A Psychologist Searching for a Scientific Basis for Human Behavior (eds). S. Modgil and C. Modgil, Falmer Press, (1986)
"Defending Freudianism," Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1986)
"Special Review: H.J. Eysenck, The Decline and Fall of the Freudian Empire," Personality and Individual Differences (1986)
"Psychoanalysis and Self-Deception" in The Forms of Self-Deception, B. MacLaughlin and A. Rorty (eds.), U. of California Press (1988).
"Psychoanalysis: Clinical vs. Experimental Evidence" in Mind, Psychoanalysis and Science (eds.) P. Clark and Cd. Wright, Basil Blackwell (1988).
"Cognitivist and Behaviorist Paradigms in Clinical Psychology" in D. Fishman, F. Rotgers & C. Franks (eds.) Paradigms in Behavior Therapy, Springer (1988).
"Testing Freudian Hypotheses" in D. Batens and J. P. Van Bendegem (eds.) Theory and Experiment, D. Reidel (1988)
"Is Confirmation Differential?" (co-author, H. Siegel) British Journal for the Philosophy of Science (1989)
"The Rise of Cognition Within Behavior Therapy and Mainstream Psychology," International Newsletter of Uninomic Psychology (1990)
"Current Philosophical Issues in the Scientific Evaluation of Behavior Therapy Theory and Outcome," Behavior Therapy (1992)
"Behaviorism" in J. Dancy and E. Sosa (eds.) A Companion to Epistemology, Basil Blackwell, (1993)
"Psychology and Epistemology" in J. Dancy and E. Sosa (eds.) A Companion to Epistemology, Basil Blackwell, (1993)
"Philosophers on Freudianism: An Examination of Replies to Grunbaum's Foundations," in J. Earman, A. Janis, G. Massey and N. Rescher (eds.) Philosophical Problems of the Internal and External Worlds: Essays Concerning the Philosophy of Adolf Grunbaum, University of Pittsburgh Press, (1993)
"The Effectiveness of Psychotherapy: Epistemological Issues" in G. Graham and G. Stephens (eds.), Philosophical Psychopathology, M.I.T. Press, (1994)
"On the Logic of Psychoanalytic Explanations: A Reply to Nussbaum," Philosophy and Social Criticism (1994).
"The Effectiveness of Psychoanalytic Therapy: A Question of Standards" in W. O'Donahue and R. Kitchener (eds.) Psychology and Philosophy: Interdisciplinary Problems and Responses, (Sage, 1996)
"The Evaluation of Psychotherapy: A Reply to Greenwood," Philosophy of Science. (1996)
"Psychoanalysis: Past, Present, and Future," Philosophy and Phenomenological Research. (1997)
"The Logic of Null Hypothesis Testing," Behavioral and Brain Sciences. (1998, forthcoming)

Reviews

Review of Maurice Mandelbaum's Philosophy, Science and Sense Perception, Quarterly Review of Biology (1968)
Review of Peter Achinstein's Concepts of Science, Quarterly Review of Biology (1969)
Review of B.A. Farrell's, The Standing of Psychoanalysis, Canadian Philosophical Reviews, (1983)
Review of Adolf Grunbaum's The Foundations of Psychoanalysis: A Philosophical Critique, Nous (1987)
Review of Richard Wollheim's The Thread of Life, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research (1989)
Review of Robert Fuller's Americans and the Unconscious, Nous (1990)